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Saša Jakovljević
Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade.

indent Intro
Dear readers, you are holding the first issue of the sixty-fourth volume of Fizicka kultura (Physical culture). The journal has been issued for sixty-three years and it is one of the oldest journals of this kind both in Europe and in the world. The first issue dates back to 1947; while the majority of today's relevant journals focusing on the same field appeared in the late sixties and the early seventies of the last century, or even later. During all these years, especially in the seventies and the eighties, the journal became an important source of new scientific and professional information for readers from Serbia and abroad. In the last two decades the unfavourable social, political and economical circumstances in Serbia have not contributed to flourishing of the journal in the international scientific community.

   
 
Slavko Trninić, Milivoje Karalejić, Saša Jakovljević, Igor Jelaska
Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split; Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade.

indent Abstract
From the point of view of expert coaches and players, basketball can be observed as a team sports game, which can be presented as an ordered sequence of actions that each player has to perform according to the position and the role within the certain model of the game's tactics. The aim of this survey was to determine the structure of latent factors, to identify and analyze a group of actions in the game, in the set of basic attributes and variables, to classify actions into relatively homogenous groups and to determine differences between the obtained groups of actions. In order to achieve the above mentioned, it was necessary to construct a measuring instrument (questionnaire) for knowledge registration in the game of basketball. 15 primary attributes were chosen for the characterization of entities (tasks in the game) and 10 competent experts performed the assessment according to them. Factor analysis under component model was used in the research process, with the use of Guttmann-Kaiser criterion and OBLIMIN rotation. That way we isolated four latent dimensions in the space of primary attributes, and they are named as: inside players, flow of the game, outside players and subspace C. Beside the factor analysis, hierarchy method of classification was used, where the tasks in the space of primary game attributes were classified into four relatively homogenous groups of tasks, interpreted as groups A, B, C and D. • Group A – tasks performed by inside players (power forward and centre) in A and B zone, thus in transition offence and set offence. • Group B – tasks performed by inside players in A and B zone, in back court, thus in transition defence and set defence. • Group C – tasks performed by outside players in the whole court, in front court and back court, thus in transition defence and set defence. • Group D - tasks performed by outside players in the whole court, in front court and back court, thus in transition offence and set offence. The acquired knowledge can directly influence the development of learning plans and basketball players' exercises, the development of new means for game monitoring, the analysis of the game of basketball, the evaluation of players' stats, and they make the foundation for the realization of further researches in the field of team sports games analysis.

keywords THE GAME OF BASKETBALL / TASKS / EXPERTS / FACTOR ANALYSIS / CLUSTER ANALYSIS / DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS
 
Aleksandar Janković, Veselin Jelušuć, Bojan Leontijević
Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade; Botswana Football Federation.

indent Abstract
Primary goal of this study was to follow the dynamics of the development of motor abilities of the attendants of soccer school 'dif' in the year cycle of trainings. In addition, the aim of this longitudinal study was also to evaluate the working programme of the school, and its influence on the development of young soccer players' motor abilities. Twelve soccer players of older group (10 ± 0.9) and fifteen players of younger age group (7.3 ± 0.8), of Soccer school 'Dif' participated in the survey. The experiment consisted of two sessions of tests, organized at the interval of twelve months, and between the sessions the organized soccer training was carried out. Work programme included three trainings per week, each consisted of: 10 - 15 minutes of warming up with the ball (e.g. juggling, ball carrying, repetition of learned technical elements, etc.), 10 - 15 minutes of coordination exercises (e.g. running, running over the ladders, hurdles, etc.), 20 - 25 minutes of teaching of technical elements (e.g. dribbling, passing, kicking, etc.) and 10 - 15 minutes of the game directed to scoring goals (two goals game, four goals game, etc.). The test included tests for the evaluation of speed, general and specific agility, and indirect tests for the evaluation of legs performance. The acquired results show that the working programme had a positive influence on the development of motor abilities of the school attendants, in the majority of variables. The working programme had greater influence and better retest results with the older attendants, while with younger attendants, the programme had the greatest influence on the specific agility with and without the ball. According to the results acquired from monitoring the motor ability development and the evaluation of working programme, certain modifications of the programme are proposed, primarily in working with younger age group.

keywords TEST / WORKING PROGRAMME / SELECTION / TRAINING
 
Aleksandar Janjić, Dejan Suzović, Aleksandar Janković
FK Bezanija, Belgrade; Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade.

indent Abstract
Condition training is a complex and comprehensive process of implementing several programs for developing and maintaining functional and motor abilities. The subject of this research is the impact of the conducted training plan and program during the summer preparation period on motor abilities changes with soccer players of FC "RAD" in Belgrade. The sample of subjects consisted of twenty senior players, FC "RAD" in Belgrade. The first test (T1) was carried out at the beginning of the preparatory period, while the second test (T2) was carried out at the end of the preparatory period. Motor skills that affect the efficiency of expression in soccer, speed, strength, agility, flexibility and endurance were evaluated by selected tests. In the preparatory period 55 field training and 14 training sessions in the gym were realized. The obtained results indicate the major or minor changes that took place during the summer preparation period. The changes that occurred as a consequence of training are different depending on the test. In the preparation period, between T1 and T2 the greatest positive change 6.70% was recorded in the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1, while negative -11% in the series of vertical jumps test and these changes are statistically significant.

keywords SOCCER / TESTING / MOTOR SKILLS / TRAINING / PREPARATION PERIOD
 
Jelena Ivanović, Milivoj Dopsaj, Goran Nešić, Ratko Stanković - The Republic Institute for Sports; Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade; Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš.

indent Abstract
The aim of this paper is to define differences in various indicators for evaluating isometric leg extensors explosive force (RFDLEGEXTISO) regarding the gender. 71 examinees devided into 2 groups regarding the gender, male N=39, female N=32, was examined. In order to assess explosive isometric leg extensors force, the standardized equipement was used, tensiometric probe and standardized test in sitting position. Higher values were measured in male examinees in almost all the observed indicators for evaluating isometric leg extensors explosive force at the level of Wilks Lambda 0.475, F=5.925, p=0.000. Statistically signifi cant differences were established in the following variables: in RFDBASICLEGEXTISO F=29.788, p=0.000; in RFD50%LEGEXTISO F=6.674, p=0.012; in IndexSNGBASIC F=12.731, p=0.001; in RFD30%LEGEXTISO F=7.750, p=0.007; in RFD50-100%LEGEXTISO F=26.558, p=0.000; in RFDallomLEGEXTISO50% F=3.370, p=0.000; in RFDallomLEGEXTISO30% F=4.545, p=0.037; in RFDallomLEGEXTISO F=25.421, p=0.000; and in Coeff S/A gradient F=4.592, p=0.036. The distribution of the results and the values for the coefficient of variation among the observed variables in the male examinees were normal, reliable and homogeneous, in the subsample female results showed declination in distribution, therefor the new indicators can be used in analytics and diagnostic and the obtained results can be used as a criterion for testing, evaluating explosive isometric leg extensors force in different gender population or for evaluating sexual and contractile dimorphism. Apart from variable Coeff S/A gradient, the results of all examined absolute and relative indicators showed higher values in male examinees. The highest differences were measured in RFD50-100%LEGEXTISO 170.63%) and the lowest in IndexSNGSPEC (11.21%).

keywords F-t CURVE CHARACTERISTICS / LEG EXTENSORS / STUDENTS/ATHLETES / GENDER DIFFERENCES
 
Branko Popović
Elementary school. "14. oktobar", Belgrade
.

indent Abstract
The main objective of this study was to determine the dynamics of learning and degree of correlation between the morphological and motor characteristics of the Faculty of Physical Education students (generation of school year 1994-1995), with the success of learning key judo techniques, specified by judo curriculum. The sample of examinees consisted of 58 students of the fourth year of studies (males aged 23-26), of good health status, who had not been involved in judo before the application of the current program. Types of predictor variables (morphological and motor) were assessed by standard procedures only at the beginning of the curriculum. Criterion variables, which comprised of fall mitigation key techniques and key techniques of throwing of the judo curriculum, were obtained at the beginning and the end of the semester by calculating the average out of the grades given by five competent teachers. Statistical analysis has shown that there is no statistically significant correlation between the majority of morphological and motor variables and success in mastering judo curriculum. However, there was a statistically significant correlation between the dynamics of mastering the curriculum with the dynamic strength of flexors and extensors, which gives us the right to suggest that the tests that we used for assessing these variables, should become a part of the battery of tests used in judo. We believe that the main reason for insufficient correlation of predictor and criterion variables is that it was the Faculty of Physical Education student population, who are required to respect standard forms of school technique in compliance with the judo curriculum, and not the characteristics of speed and power that accompany that technique in sport judo fight.

keywords DYNAMICS OF LEARNING / CORRELATION / MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOTOR CHARACTERISTICS / JUDO TECHNIQUES
 
Robert Ropret
Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade.

indent Abstract
Skiing as a seasonal sport has limited abilities of specific training. Therefore it is desirable for "dry" trainings to have a certain degree of similarity of competitive technique movements' simulation. Exercises must be in accordance with the parameters that determine the structure of movement on skis. The subject of this paper is to determine the possibility of including the training on rollerblades as an integral part of "dry" training. By analyzing the previous studies it has been tried to establish the extent to which the basic parameters concur with the elements of ski slalom technique (SL) and rollerblade slalom (ISL): positions and relationships between body segments, activities of current muscle groups (mode, degree of activation) and kinematics of movement (duration of certain phase shifts) and others. The results of previous research indicate coordinative propinquity of reverse-route technique on skis and on rollerblades. Certain differences in speed, intensity of force, load points, as well as similarities in the positions of body segments, the involvement of actual muscle groups, the intensity of muscle tension and others are evident. The knowledge of the similarities and differences can improve the application of rollerblades in training of skiers. Changes in some parameters (slope, speed) can contribute significantly to the positive transfer when the structure of movements in skiing is in question.

keywords SKI TECHNIQUE / TRAINING / ROLLERBLADES / SLALOM
 
Božo Bokan
Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade.

indent Intro
The International Conference entitled: "Theory and methodology of physical education and sport: the legacy of the founders and development perspectives" has been held in Russia this year (26 – 28th May 2010), hosted by the Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport and Tourism in Moscow (RSUoPEaT). The conference was dedicated to the 85th anniversary of the birth of one of the founders of the integrative theory of physical culture, PhD. L. P. Matveyev. Since he could not personally participate in the work of the international conference, the author of this book review aims to contribute to learning about the professional and scientifi c community in the area of physical education, with the person and work of one of the doyen of physical culture in the world, through his last work which crowned his creativity.